Outline for Special MTN Lecture:  “Cracking the DaVinci Code"

Dr. David Gadoury,  April 30,  2006

 

Description:

A review of the anti-Christian nature and influence of the novel and film The DaVinci Code, identifying its principle deceptions and preparing the student to respond to the evangelistic opportunities presented by is notoriety.

I.       What is the DaVinci Code:

A.      Plot Summary: “Page Turner” murder mystery.  

1.      Characters:          

a.      Harvard "symbologist" - Robert Langdon

b.      Female police investigator- Sophie Nevue

c.      British Royal Historian- Leigh Teabing

d.      Albino “opus Dei” devotee (assassin)- Silas.

2.      Setting:  Paris/Rome/New York + various cathedrals and museums.

a.      “Priory of Sion” centuries old secret society that is preserving the secret of the Holy Grail.

b.      “Sacred feminine” element of Christianity (Mary Magdalene)

c.      Mary Magdalene and Jesus married and had a child.

d.      Descendants: Merovingian royal live in southern France

e.      “Priory” members include DaVinci.

f.        Sophie the lineal descendant herself

B.     Why popular?

1.      Well written, exciting read

2.      Contemporary:

a.      Issues of failing in the Catholic Church

b.      Controversies about Opus Dei.

c.      Interest in feminine theology, paganism (Wicca)

3.      Why Notorious?

a.      Attacks the foundations of Christianity ("The Big Lie")

b.      Slanders/vilifies the Roman Catholic Church (today's punching bag)

C.     Examples of controversial passages (handouts)

D.     Its claims of “Fact”

II.     Historical Inaccuracies:

A.      Playing loose with facts:

1.      Dead Sea Scrolls- pp. 317,331

2.      Christianity the official Roman religion- p 314

3.      Crusades- p 340

4.      Gospel of Philip- p 331

5.      Jesus marriage =  " matter of record" - p. 329

6.      Nag Hammadi = “oldest Christian records”- p 331

B.     Major Errors:

1.      "Earliest Christians believed in a human Jesus"

a.      Proof is supposedly in  35 non-canonical gospels (claims 80)

b.      Gnosticism = later heretical development (late 2nd centuries)

2.      Jesus must have been married because he was a Jew- False!

a.      Essenes (celibacy = commonplace) - Josephus

b.      John the Baptist not married?

c.      Jesus said:  “some have made themselves eunuchs for the sake for the kingdom

3.      Jesus was married to Mary Magdalene and had a child:

            (note: this is a straw man: this is not a problem, even if he was!)

Mary not portrayed as a prostitute. (Not in NT record)

1)      Confusion with the woman who anointed Jesus feet.

2)      First portrayed this way by Gregory the Great (900 ad)

b.      Gospel of Philip does not prove this

1)      "Companion" = (koinonos) sister, pastor, associate

2)      Kiss on the mouth not significant (even if accurate)

a)      Text =smudged/destroyed:

[ Kissed her...on her.... ]

b)     Common and chaste “kiss of fellowship”

c.      DaVinci’s Last Supper irrelevant

1)      Typical of the times re: John the apostle portrayed as younger man

2)      Also, if “Mary”, where is John? (only 12+Jesus)

4.      Emperor Constantine invented/manufactured the NT, allowing only those books that proclaimed a divine Jesus.

a.      Canon of Scripture established long before 325 ad

b.      Antiquity of 4 gospels attested voluminously!

c.      Council of Nicea assembled to deal with Arian heresy (only a human Jesus)

d.      Constantine had nothing to do with Canon formation

e.      (Only evidence: he "ordered 50 copies of NT to be created")

5.      Earlier apocryphal gospels (which portray a human Jesus and advance “sacred feminine”) were suppressed by power hungry patriarchal officials?

a.      No suppression, just not recognized

b.      Gnostic Gospels misogynist

III.              Impact on Ill-informed Readers:

A.      The attacks on the Bible, it is:

1.      Inaccurate

2.      Distorted

3.      Fraudulently manufactured

4.      Of uncertain origin

5.      The product of “winners” who could rewrite history

B.     The attacks on the deity of Christ:

1.      Supposedly contradicted by earlier texts

2.      Blasphemed by allegation of marriage to Mary M.

3.      Supposedly created by later-church officials

C.     The integrity of the Christian belief systems (doctrines)

1.      Misrepresents the role of the church councils (325-500)

a.      Not deciding doctrine

b.      Developing a consensus re: Apostolic doctrine vs. Heresies

c.      Analogy: George Washington not “the father of our country” (group of  Ivy League history professors)

1)      Instead: armies led by Benedict Arnold

2)      Ben Franklin 1st president

3)      World historians' conference to debunk theory

4)      Conclusion: George Washington the 1st president

(Question: Did they "invent" this?)

2.      Confusion for those  unfamiliar with Church history

2.

IV.             What we must know and be prepared to share:

A.      About the development of the “Canon” (list of books viewed as “Scripture”)

1.      Internal evidence of early developments:

a.      Gospel accounts shared (synoptics)

b.      Peter’s reference to “letters” for Paul as a source of authority (and regarded as Scripture)

2.      The importance of apostolic office:

a.      Gospel of John: Holy Spirit will bring all things to your remembrance.

                                                (“Apostle” =  authorized messenger.)

b.      Ephesians 2:20  - "The foundation of the apostles and prophets"

c.      Acts 1 - "all that Jesus began to do and teach"

d.      Heb 1 - "God has spoken in these last days"

e.      I Tim 4:13  - Apostolic letters read (aloud) in the churches

3.      Marcion (Gnostic heretic) 140 A.D. -  proposed a new “canon” (removed Matthew, Mark and “Jewish influenced” letters, response? )

4.      Muratori's  (1740) “Fragment” (late 2nd century)

a.      Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, 13 letters of Paul, Jude, 1 & 2 John, Revelation

b.      Others known/read:

1)      Shepherd of Hermas

2)      Epistles of Barnabas

3)      Didache

4)      1 & 2 element

5.      115 A.D.  Ignatius refers to “the Gospel” (singular, for all 4)

6.      170 A.D.  Tatian calls 4 gospels “harmony of the gospels” (diatesseron)

a.      Assyrian churches' preferred manuscript

b.      Greek version discovered in 1933

7.      Ireneus (Bishop of Lyon) 180 A.D. refers to the “four-fold gospel” (quote from F.F. Bruce, p 24)

8.      Origen (185-294) mentions 4 gospels

9.      Athanasius (367) lays down list of 27 books followed by Jerome, Augustine

10.  Earlier: Ignatius/ Polycarp were familiar with “collections” of Paul’s writings.

11.  150 ad Justin Martyr classes “memoirs of the apostles” with the OT prophets

            Summary: NT (27 books) not authoritative because “church” included them in a list.

            Church included them because they were already considered divinely inspired

                  Criteria:

§         Apostolic authorship (or closely associated)

§         Antiquity (widespread use and acceptance)

§         Evidence of authenticity (innate worth)

                  Made official in Councils of 393 & 397- Nothing to do with Emperor Constantine

 

B.     About the Deity of Christ

      (based on the antiquity of the NT)

1.      NT testimony to it:

a.      Regarding the gospel of John (“I am” , John 5, 20:28)

b.      Synoptics: "authority to forgive sins";  baptismal formula

c.      Charge of blasphemy ("making himself equal with God" and the crucifixion)

d.      Confession of Jesus as Lord

2.      Writings of the church fathers (2nd century)

a.      Ignatius (110) “our God, Jesus Christ”

b.      Tatian(170) “we report that our God was born in the form of a man”

c.      Clement of Alexandria (190) “He alone is both God and man”

d.      Tertullian (210) “Christ also is God”

e.      Origin “Although he was God, he took flesh, and having been made man he remained what He was, God.”

3.      Pagan observers: Pliny the Younger (112) to Emperor Trajan: “Christians were in the habit of meeting on a certain fixed day...when they sang a hymn to Christ...as to a God.

C.     About the development of “orthodoxy”

1.      Sequence:

a.      NT writings

b.      Rise of heresies to challenge “universal” or “catholic” teaching:

c.      Question: True or False?

d.      Synodical Councils:

1)      Person of Christ

2)      Doctrine of the Trinity

Example:  Ireneus (2nd Century) wrote "Against Heresies"

"heresy" label not coined by Constantine

3)      Church councils:

§           Nicea

§           Constantinople

§           Carthage

§           Ephesus

2.      Question:  Were these "Catholic" church things?  How do we Protestants related to them?

NOTE:  Our conflicted feeling about the DaVinci Code is this:  We are inclined to believe the unflattering descriptions of the Catholic Church, but not able to discern our own heritage within it.

 

V.      Evangelistic Opportunities

A.      Discussions about the Jesus

      Questions to ask:

1.      How did it affect your understanding of Jesus?

2.      Did you know that Christians from the very beginning have worshipped Jesus as Lord and God?

3.      Can I share with you what Jesus means to ME?

B.     Discussions about the Bible

      (Note:  witnessing is NOT about defending the Bible, BUT

We are called to "give a reason for the hope that is within us.)

1.      Explain: 

a.      "Jesus named them "apostles" for a very important reason:  to transmit & bear witness to what he said.  That is why the Bible matters to us."

b.      "I have found the evidence for the trustworthiness and accuracy of the New Testament to be persuasive and convincing."

2.      Ask: “I have observed the power of God's word to change lives, especially my own.  Could I share with you how the Bible has made a difference in my life?